Teratology in the 18th C: Monsters and Artists


In 1775, French artists Nicolas-François and Geneviève Regnault published the influential ‘Les Ecarts de la nature ou recueil des principales monstruosités‘ (The Deviations of Nature or a Collection of the Main Monstrosities). Tapping into centuries old scientific, ethnographic, and cosmographic interpretive traditions of “the monstrous”, François and Regnault were guided by poet Boileau’s idea that “no monster exists that cannot be made pleasing through art”. This marks an important moment in teratology i.e the study of perceived abnormalities in the natural world, both real and imagined. Perceptions, whether individual or societal, of deviations from the norm hold a place of academic interest for me, for they are often lensed with an entire arsenal of valuations of what is acceptable and what is not. The term “monster”, which is derived from the Latin verb “monstrare” meaning “to show”, was used to describe a visually unusual creature from about the 1st century B.C. onward. Classical interpretations of “the monstrous” were to remain influential until the end of the 17th century. Then came the ‘aesthetization’ of the monstrous along with the coming of Christianity, when authors began interpreting such phenomena as having been brought forth by God to communicate divine judgments. By the end of the Middle Ages, unusual natural occurrences were increasingly perceived as “wonders,” or “prodigies”, terms which all focused on their strange and exceptional character. Wonders were seen as signs of God’s anger, or a sign of the power of nature, inspiring fear or admiration depending on the religious and political context.

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evil chevy
evil chevy
11 years ago

i think d real monsters are the ones who appear normal

Shalini S
Shalini S
11 years ago

“Curiouser and curiouser”, as Alice would say

Melanie Lane
Melanie Lane
11 years ago

not sure what to make of these, interesting visual history archive though

John
John
11 years ago

four legged pigeon. never thought of that :)

Dr Dorian
Dr Dorian
11 years ago

Charming ‘naive’ illustrations!

piyush
piyush
11 years ago

creative more than anything else really..

Stevalicious
Stevalicious
11 years ago

yes 200 years ago, I can imagine that physical deformities at birth would have led to confirmations of monstrosities, but in our media infested times, many a photo is circulated (co-joined twins etc.) which makes them certainly less monstrous and more human.

louisewoods1984
louisewoods1984
11 years ago

I believe they were a husband and wife team and were botanists! How interesting. :)

Candace Van Hout
Candace Van Hout
11 years ago

Very odd indeed.

mal_functiongeo
mal_functiongeo
11 years ago

something may be just non-average but not abnormal, like genius. evolution always produces ‘freaks’. and thats alright,,